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Quoting

Quoting can be used for three purposes in the shell:
  • to group a sequence of words into a single "word"
  • to control the kinds of transformations that are performed
  • to capture the output of commands (back-quotes)
The three different kinds of quotes have three different effects:

single-quote (') grouping, turns off all transformations
double-quote (") grouping, no transformations except $ and `
backquote (`) no grouping, capture command results