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Scalars (cont)

A very common pattern for modifying scalars is: 

$var = $var op expression

Compound assignments for the most common operators allow you to write 

$var op= expression

Examples: 

$x += 1;     # increment the value of $x
$y *= 2;     # double the value of $y
$a .= "abc"  # append "abc" to $a